Glossary

Condenser- A chamber in a steam engine that cools steam and turns it back into water
Conestoga Wagon- A freight wagon usually with a canvas cover and drawn by six horses
Engineer- A person who knew how to make and repair engines in eighteenth-century England; The person on trains who controls the locomotive
Fireman- The person on steam locomotives who shovels coal into the firebox; The person who stoked the firebox of any steam engine before the invention of the locomotive
Knuckle Coupler- A device for connecting rail cars to each other
Locomotive- An engine that pulls rail cars
Manufacture- To make, usually by machine
Prairie Schooner- A wagon used by settlers moving westward in the early to med-nineteenth century
Steam Blast- A pipe for capturing steam exhaust on a steam engine
Technology- Methods and machines used in doing things
Vacuum- T he absence of air; In Watts steam engine, the air-less space in the condenser after steam had been converted back into water
Wagon Trails- Groups of nineteenth-century settlers traveling together, usually to western territories
Wagon way- Crude wooden rails for guiding coal wagons prior to the invention of the locomotive

Railroad expansion image

Here is an image of a map of the expansion of the Illinois railroads

John Bull Railroad image

This is an image of the first locomotive railroad it was named "John Bull"

First locomotive railroad(1 act play)

This is a 1 act play on the scene of the opening of the first locomotive railroad named "john bull"
Samuel Slater- The economy is going to live on us after this invention
Richard Trevithick- Yeah we really out did ourselves on this one
Samuel Slater- Today is the opening day of our first locomotive
Richard Trevithick- I think John Bull was a great name to call this
Samuel Slater- I think its a little weird how the two people who created this are both from England
Richard Trevithick- Yeah and its not to long ago that we lost another war to the US
Samuel Slater- Actually only 3 decades ago was our last war with the US
Richard Trevithick- Hopefully we will set an example for every one else and advertise railroads in America
Samuel Slater- Do you think that we will have a rapid sales for this
Richard Trevithick- Yes of course and who ever doesn't buy a ticket is not making the right choice from my opinion

Steam Engine (Obitchuary, James Watts)

In 1776 an English inventor James Watt created a practical steam engine, he improved on earlier designs of the steam engine. In the engine Watts created he made it so heated water created steam, then the steam created pressure that moved pistons, a piston is a machine that moves up and down. Pistons are found helpful around all machines from small looms to giant locomotives.

Bibliography

Image sources

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:John_Bull.jpg

http://www.outfitters.com/illinois/history/ilrails.html



Primary sources

copyright 2001 Jackdaw Publications, Div. of Golden Owl Publishing Co., Inc. P.O. Box 503, Amawalk, NY 10501, Phone: 914-962-6911 Fax: 914-962-0034. Jackdaw 605M All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. ISBN: 1-56696-213-7
Jackdaw Publications P.O. Box 503 Amawalk, New York 10501, Tel:(914) 962-6911 Fax:(914) 962-0034, Jackdaw Portfolio No. A32 Copyright 1977 Printed in U.S.A. ISBN#1-56696-052-5

Book sources

Matthews, John. The Railroad. canada: Inventions that shaped the world, 2005.(Matthews 9-10)

Link, O. Winston, and Thomas H. Garver. The Last Steam Railroad in America. New York: Harry Abrams, 2000

Web sources

Sanders, E (1997). edsanders.com - History Index. Retrieved May 16, 2008, from edsanders.com - Railroad History Web site: http://edsanders.com/railroad/history.htm

First Railroad (letter)

Dear Mom,
Today was one of the best days of my life! Today was the opening of the first railroad it was a breezy November day, I was surrounded by people in amazement of a creation that I helped out on. This was in Bordentown, New Jersey. This was the first steam locomotive. We named it "John Bull." Because of my creation I made it easier and faster to transport people and goods. Pretty soon we will be expanding to more and more locations witch will contribute to the expansion of the U.S. It’ll be challenging but my life has always been challenging and exciting. I am so excited on the wealth that I brought upon my self. I will be in touch soon.
Love,
Samuel Slater

1840 Time period (diary)

Dear Diary
Few Railroads were created in the 1840s, only 1 interstate connection existed, between New York and Washington D.C., passing through Philadelphia. Within ten years railroads roamed the country passing from one state to another. Its creation had such a rapid expansion to call in to create more and more railroads linking to more places. Around the 1840s I wittnessed history a group of irish workers built the longest railroad track in one day it was 9 miles long. Thats approximetley 45,000 feet long! Thats an amazing record.
From
Samuel Slater

Birth of Railroads (essay)

The railroad was invented in the early 1800s during the Industrial Revolution. House drawn wagons could not deliver the amount of goods that were being manufactured. A House drawn wagon was basically wagons attached to horses. The House drawn wagons would usually take people places but also try to bring things to certain places but that all changed as the nation grew bigger and needed more goods it would take to long to go and come back so they came up with railroads.

The new machines powered by steam from boiling water, needed multiple quantities of coal to fuel their engines. Equipment parts that were used to create railroads already existed, they were just not put together properly to create a railroad. An idea that sparked the invention of the railroads was the acts and machines used for mining. In mining they import the gold or what ever value their looking for through a cart and on wooden tracks it slides out of the cave or mountain. Inventors thought from that of how to create a railroad.

Englishman Richard Trevithick and Samuel Slater built the first locomotive for iron works to run successfully on rails. They called it a locomotive because it meant to move from one place to another.

Timeline of the industrial revolution (timeline)

1645-1851
1645- John Winthrop and Richard Leader build factories to convert bog-ore to iron in Massachusetts
1730- First canal in New York state across the Mohawk river
1776- New York state installs a stem powered engine in its waterworks
1784- The Pennsylvania Packet becomes the first daily news in the USA
1786- John Firch attempts to build a steam powered boat, Philadelphia printers stage first industry-wide strike, Bridge over the Charles river in Boston, Massachusetts is complete
1791- Samuel Slater and David Wilkinson reproduce Arkwrights water-spinning frame in Pawtwket, Rhode Island
1792- Pennsylvania builds the first stone and gravel road
1793- Eli Whittney invents the cotton gin(in ten years "king cotton" became the south’s most important crop), John and Arthur Scofield build a factory in Newbury port, Massachusetts, Middle-Sex canal is incorporated
1807- The Jefferson Embargo act eliminates French and English imports,
American trade suffers, Many New England seamen lose their jobs and look for factory work
1808- Secretary of the treasury Albert Gallatin proposes the information of an interstate waterway
1813- Francis Cabot Lowell incorporates the Massachusetts company and begins textile plant in Waltham, Massachusetts
1825- Erie Canal is completed
1829- Americas first steam locomotive, "Tom Thumb", races against a horse
1835- Lowell, Massachusetts lock and canal company shifts from making textile machinery to locomotive parts
1837- "Panic of 1837" Americas economy begins to fail
1844- Sarah G. Bagley organizes the Lowell Female reform association, Samuel F.B. Morse and Ezra Cornell demonstrate the first telegraph system
1846- Elias Howe builds the first sewing machine
1851- The USA is 75 years old, Isaac singer adds foot treadle to sewing machine